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The free radicals possess a peripheral non mated electron called “single electron”. They will thus try to go and get an electron to create another molecule.
Very unstable, they are greatly reactive where from powerful reactions in lines.
The free radicals are not only toxic. They are necessary to metabolism or to destroy bacteria.
The exceeding presence
- of anti-oxidant capacity by default (ageing)
- of physiological mechanism by burst, as in the inflammation,
- by environmental modification (tobacco, alcohol, stress, medicines, pollutants, bad food, vitaminic deficiency, sport, ionising radiations, UV).
The free radicals will be toxic on the cells and their components driving to cardiovascular, inflammatory pathologies, cancers, neurodegenerative affection, ageing.
Definition of the free radicals
They come from the aerobic life in transforming the oxygen O2 into activated derivatives.
Toxicity of the free radicals
- On the cells and their components,
- Cardio-vascular pathologies,
- Cancers,
- Ageing and neurodegenerative affections.
The oxidative stress, what is it?
It’s when the production of Free Radicals (or pro-oxidant) is superior to antioxidants.
What’s the role of the anti-oxidants?
- Stamp the toxic effect of the free radicals,
- Maintain the cellular integrity,
- System of immune defence,
- Struggle against the oxidative stress.
The main anti-oxidants
- Endogen or Exogen,
- Enzymes (dietary minerals, Cu, Zn, Mn, Fer),
- Non enzymes (vit A, C, E, Flavonoids, Poly phenols).
What do the clinical studies show us?
- Protecting effect of the fruits and vegetables (vit A, carotenoids) on cancer,
- Anti cancer protection in 128 studies over 156,
- Protecting effect of the Vit E on the cardio-vascular,
- Decrease of 40% of the cardio-vascular diseases with the Vit E,
- Contribution 50 mg vit C per day for 50% less of cardio-vascular mortality,
- Effect on the macular degeneration of the Vit C and Carotenoids,
- Very diminished global mortality in men,
- Diminished risk of cancer by 3.
What are the trappers of the free radicals?
There are medicines named “antioxidants” containing multivitamins and other active substances to destroy the free radicals.
They must respect this production and its norms:
- balanced antioxidant preparation,
- control and study of the optimal dosages,
- measure of established efficacy,
- prevention of the oxidative stress, trapper of the free radicals,
- “The too much being able to bring the less”; it’s important to balance the exogen and endogen contributions of antioxidants.
Bibliography
Joanny Menvielle-Bourg F.in Phytothérapie (2005) - Numéro 3
Zakay-Rones, étude en double aveugle contrôlée versus placebo sur les antioxydants (2004)
Barak, Halperin and Kalickman. Bénéfice de l'extrait de baies de sureau noir dans la stimulation du système immunitaire, 2 études in vitro (2001).
Balasingham. Inhibition de la croissance du H5N1 par l’extrait de baies de sureau noir (2005).
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